Pulse Music – Steve Reich: Piano Phase (1967)

by Ben Hogwood

After Come Out was over, I remember thinking, “What is this? Am I gonna be a mad scientist trapped in a loft with a tape recorder? So, I immediately thought, “I’ve got to return to live music.” – Steve Reich, talking to Michael Tilson Thomas (from Steve Reich: Conversations)

Background

Having vowed to return to live music, Reich encountered difficulties. “Unfortunately, it seemed to me at the time impossible for two human beings to perform that gradual phase shifting process, since the process was discovered with, and was indigenous to, machines.”, he says in Writings on Music.

Yet he was in for a welcome surprise, realising that having recorded a short loop on the piano, he could indeed play against it as though he were a second tape recorder. “Doing it is really incredible”, he recounted to MTT, “because the only way I can do it is to close my eyes and listen as closely as possible so that I don’t move two sixteenths ahead, or just get stuck in unison.”

The rhythmic interval of a sixteenth is critical, for while the two musicians begin in unison, the second starts to gradually increase their tempo so that the phase shifting begins, and eventually they move one beat (one sixteenth) ahead. This continues until both align back in unison, at which point a new melodic pattern is introduced, and the shifts begin from scratch. The home key is B minor, and the piano notes are largely mid-range.

Listen

Thoughts

Piano Phase is one of Reich’s most hypnotic works, and once again it rewards the active listener with a dazzling array of riffs that can be picked out of the crowded textures seemingly at will. The shifts of rhythmic emphasis are thrilling, and as the second pianist moves ahead of the first there are moments of euphoria when torrents of notes are unleashed like a waterfall, then reassuring blocks where everything falls metrically into line.

There are dancing figurations created by the constant movements, the left hand acting as the ‘legs’ to support the movement in the right hand’s ‘upper body’ figurations. These shapes constantly shift in the listener’s imagination.

Halfway through, when you might expect the piece to drag, it regenerates, fresh energy added as the rhythms bounce off each other, while fifteen minutes in and what seemed to be a simple, single line is now a dazzling wall to well ringing of bells, with very little bass

By the end the melodic elements are almost done, bouncing between two notes a tone apart and seemingly trapped in a vacuum. This feels like exactly the right point for the piece to stop, which it does in unison. As always, the quiet at the end of a minimalist piece feels like the loudest part of all, until things subside to silence – yet the effect lingers, the musical equivalent of a double espresso.

Quotes / Legacy

“It’s one pattern, but it’s a completely different way of playing the piano…it requires a completely different skill set. You’re playing the piano like a percussionist. You were asking the performers to do something that up until that point people had not been asking performers to do.” – composer Michael Gordon on discovering Piano Phase (from Steve Reich: Conversations)

Is it too fanciful to suggest modern pop songs such as Alex Warren’s Fever Dream have been indirectly influenced by Reich’s workings?

Recordings

There are several. Reich’s first recording, made with Double Edge, Edmund Niemann (piano), Nurit Tilles (piano) clocks in at just over 20 minutes. Ensemble Avantgarde on Wergo are 18’40”, while Vincent Corver and Keith Ford are a nippy 13’40” with their account for CPO. All are enjoyable, though Reich’s is more authoritative. You can compare on this Tidal playlist

Also written / released in 1967 The Beatles Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band; The Jimi Hendrix Experience Are You Experienced; Shostakovich Seven Romances on Poems by Alexander Blok; Stockhausen Hymnen

Next up: Violin Phase (1967)

Published post no.3,059 – Monday 26 October 2026

On Record – Vanishing Twin: Archives (Fire Records)

Reviewed by Ben Hogwood

What’s the story?

Archives may sound like a B-sides compendium, or a host of rediscovered demos, but it is a wholly new album from intriguing trio Vanishing Twin.

The title reflects the trio’s creative process, where, as singer and founder member Cathy Lucas says, they have a process of “gathering material together, riffing with it, turning it around on itself, trying to put the pieces together and create a story with it”.

The trio have a fluid approach that allows them to exchange ideas through a virtual studio, play each other’s instruments and adopt an improvisatory air on occasion. This keeps a light-hearted air to their music and keeps creativity to the forefront.

What’s the music like?

As original as the creative process suggests it should be. At the root of Vanishing Twin’s music is a beat-based style of music that has close musical alignment with Broadcast and Stereolab, but never sounds like pastiche.

Instead, the trio create compositions with a dark and eerie edge, their music akin to catching sight of an unexpected reflection in the mirror, seeing a sudden shadow out of the corner of your eye or, more playfully, seeing a bat or a bird flit quickly across your vision.

Their combination of funk and wariness is unexpectedly strong, with a cool vocal on Familiar Fruit taken out of its comfort zone by creepy scrapes on the bass. Hazama has an eerie vocal, the end of So Calm even more so in multitude, while the scrunched up, glitchy rhythms of Bring Me The Axe are like a dub ritual in preparation. The title track wavers, the shrill electronics circling ominously.

Does it all work?

Yes – at times Vanishing Twin have a creative tension at play, with something ominous in the air. Creepy, colourful and original.

Is it recommended?

Yes. Archives is a compelling listen, with three imaginative minds making music that both warms and chills the cockles, often simultaneously.

For fans of…Broadcast, Stereolab, Jane Weaver, Dry Cleaning, Peaking Lights

Listen / Buy

Published post no.3,058 – Sunday 25 October 2026

News – Mao Fujita announces new album: Rachmaninoff

posted by Ben Hogwood, with text from the press release

On November 27th, 2026, Sony Classical will release Rachmaninoff, the new album by acclaimed young pianist Mao Fujita. Together with the Gewandhausorchester under the baton of Andris Nelsons, Fujita presents here one of the most personal and ambitious projects of his career to date, bringing together Rachmaninoff’s monumental Piano Concerto No. 3, both Piano Sonatas and a selection of lyrical solo works and song transcriptions.

At the heart of the album stands Rachmaninoff’s legendary Piano Concerto No. 3, often regarded as the ultimate challenge in the piano repertoire. Described by the composer himself as a “concerto for elephants”, the work has become synonymous with virtuosity, endurance and technical brilliance. Yet its fascination lies not only in its difficulty but also in its extraordinary poetry, clarity and architectural sophistication. Fujita’s acclaimed performances of the concerto, including his silver medal-winning appearance at the 2019 International Tchaikovsky Competition, reveal the pianist’s deeply lyrical approach, bringing out the poetry within this highly virtuosic work. The concerto was recorded with the renowned Gewandhausorchester and Andris Nelsons.

Fujita’s interpretation reflects his close study of Rachmaninoff’s own recordings, which he regards as essential listening rather than simply a source of reference or interest.  For Fujita, hearing the composer perform his own monumental works is an extraordinary privilege.  Although Rachmaninoff’s unique, lyrical, and beautiful playing moves him deeply, Fujita does not seek to reproduce it.  Instead, he developed the most convincing interpretation he could through his own technique, musical understanding and individuality.

Alongside the concerto, the album presents both of Rachmaninoff’s Piano Sonatas. The Second Sonata, completed in 1913 at the composer’s beloved Ivanovka estate and later revised in 1931, remains one of the most dramatic and technically demanding works in the repertoire. Less frequently performed but equally compelling is the First Sonata, inspired by Goethe’s Faust and composed during Rachmaninoff’s years in Dresden. It was composed around 1908. Together they reveal different facets of the composer’s imagination, from dark passion and demonic intensity to extraordinary structural mastery.

Offering a contrast to these large-scale works are the lyrical miniatures that complete the programme.  Fujita performs his own piano transcription of Zdes’ khorosho from the Twelve Romances, alongside Alan Richardson’s celebrated transcription of the famous Vocalise.  He also turns to Rachmaninoff’s beloved Morceaux de fantaisie, Op. 3, a collection that already reveals the melodic gift and emotional immediacy that would become hallmarks of the composer’s mature style.  Fujita particularly values the way Richardson’s transcription preserves the simplicity and lyricism of the original Vocalise.  For him, the pianist’s challenge is to make the piano sing and sustain the long melodic line as naturally as a voice, while allowing the accompaniment to remain transparent.  He therefore approaches the work above all as a song rather than as a virtuoso piano transcription.  The same vocal quality also characterizes his own transcription of Zdes’ khorosho.

Fujita agrees with the description of Rachmaninoff as the ‘last Romantic’, although he defines it somewhat differently. In his view, Rachmaninoff carried the musical language of previous eras to its very limits.  He continued to give meaning to harmony until the very end and placed enormous importance on the relationships between notes, musical architecture, and rhythm.  In this sense, he took everything inherited from previous generations and placed his faith in its final possibilities.

Rachmaninoff will be available on 2 CDs and digitally in stereo and the immersive audio format Dolby Atmos.

Published post no.3,057 – Saturday 24 October 2026

In concert – Zlatomir Fung, Royal Philharmonic Orchestra / Ariane Matiakh: Debussy, Laurence Osborn & Brahms

Zlatomir Fung (cello), Royal Philharmonic Orchestra / Ariane Matiakh

Debussy Prélude à l’Après-midi d’un faune (1894)
Osborn Sun Sundered Head (2026) [World Premiere]
Brahms Symphony no.1 in C minor Op.68 (1876)

Cadogan Hall, London
Wednesday 21 October 2026

Reviewed by Richard Whitehouse

The Royal Philharmonic Orchestra’s latest concert at Cadogan Hall paired two very different classics, just 18 years apart, with a new work by one of the UK’s most significant younger composers and what proved a notable debut with this orchestra by one of France’s leading conductors.

Laurence Osborn’s profile has grown incrementally this past decade and Sun Sundered Head is among his most significant premieres. Inspired by one of Guillaume Apollinaire’s typically oblique poems, the trajectory of his nocturne for cello and orchestra (to quote the composer) ‘‘from dusk, to the dead of night, to dawn’’ is one of a mounting anticipation and dissipating activity, to a central cadenza that is eventful for all its inwardness, then rapidly accumulating energy as makes ever more virtuosic demands before the most heart-stopping of conclusions.

The sheer intricacy and dexterity of orchestral writing would be a challenge for any soloist to negotiate, but from which Zlatomir Fung duly emerged with keen appreciation of his being a focal-point in proceedings. Music, moreover, that reinforces Osborn’s involvement with the musical past as often provocative while always engaging to a degree communicated to those present. Following on from the TOMB!, the first album dedicated to this work, this has been an auspicious year for a composer with a great deal to say and resourceful ways of saying it.

Something similar may well have been said about Debussy after the premiere of Prélude à l’ Après-midi d’un faune, his musical evocation of a poem by Stéphane Mallarmé, that opened tonight’s programme. Relatively slow if never sluggish in unfolding, with its sensuous allure never in doubt at climactic moments, this was an approach that played to the strengths of the RPO (not least among them flautist Emer McDonough) and reminded one of just how game-changing this music felt as the 19th century drew – not a little uncertainly – towards its close.

Not too long before, Brahms’s First Symphony must have seemed the vindication of a very different aesthetic and it was to Ariane Matiakh’s credit that this performance evolved with unforced conviction and not a little spontaneity. Suitably implacable, the first movement’s introduction segued into an Allegro trenchant but never dogged in forward motion with no lack of impetus in its development or repose in its coda. Eloquently rendered, the ensuing Andante drew felicitous playing from the RPO woodwind as not the least of its attractions.

Poised unerringly between a wistful intermezzo and a playful scherzo, the third movement afforded ideal breathing-space before a finale that carried all before it. From its speculative introduction then radiant horn melody, Matiakh had the measure of a movement which can easily become discursive or even prolix, but here never lost focus through to an apotheosis whose resplendence never felt overbearing. Whether or not Brahms consciously emulated Beethoven in this work, his re-energizing of the symphonic genre could hardly be denied. A memorable evening which ought to lead to a continued association between the RPO and Matiakh. She is currently recording the symphonic works of Charles Koechlin for Capriccio, and it is to be hoped that one of these impressive pieces may yet achieve a UK performance.

To read more about the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra’s 2026/27 season, visit the RPO website. Click on the names to read more on cellist Zlatomir Fung, conductor Ariane Matakh and composer Laurence Osborn

Published post no.3,056 – Friday 23 October 2026

Switched On – Tangent: Disclosure (n5MD)

Reviewed by Ben Hogwood

What’s the story?

Dutch duo Tangent – Ralph van Reijendam and Robbert Kok – return with their seventh album.

Their distinctive sound has been honed through what their press release describes as “built from dense electronic textures, ghostly synths, intricate rhythms, and a persistent sense of movement between the organic and the synthetic.

Disclosure is their return from a three-year absence, and looks to bring a modular and analogue dimension to their atmospherics.

What’s the music like?

Dark and cinematic – but much more than mere mood music. The fluid, instinctive way in which the tracks are worked out show two musicians at ease with their musical instruments, but also in their way of structuring tracks that works really well.

Glitchy rhythms pile up in impressive percussive displays, but never at the expense of the melodies and harmonies around them. The music is moody and rather magnificent, the full drum sections and brooding keyboards working extremely well together.

To illustrate, Unfounded Existence has glitchy drums that ricochet around the stereo picture. Denial carries some impressive weight, with rolling beats and expressive soundscapes, while Vector Of Acceleration simmers nicely, too.

The spacey time out of Sonoluminescence works a treat, led by dreamy piano and swirling, misty white noise, before the fulsome drums return.

Does it all work?

Yes – and keeps on giving with repeated listening.

Is it recommended?

Yes – atmospheric music, and meaningful with it. An excellent album, and a brooding soundtrack to fill your stereo field.

For fans of…Trentemøller, Jon Hopkins, Daniel Avery, A Winged Victory For The Sullen

Listen / Buy

Published post no.3,055 – Thursday 22 October 2026