Category Archives: Talking heads

Talking Heads: Martin James Bartlett

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by Ben Hogwood

In this interview, the affable pianist talks about his new album of Bach, Mozart and Britten works for piano and orchestra, delighting in the opportunity he had to record it in Salzburg, and giving insight into the performance, recording and instrument he played.

Pianist Martin James Bartlett has joined Arcana to talk about his cleverly programmed new album of concertos. Bartlett, who won the BBC Young Musician of the Year competition in 2014, has since earned a regular contract with Warner Classics, recording themed solo albums, Rhapsody with the London Philharmonic Orchestra, and now an album of works by J.S. Bach, Mozart and Britten, made with the Salzburg Mozarteum Orchestra and conductor Howard Griffiths.

When we speak, Bartlett has already had the pleasure of giving two enthusiastically received concerts at London’s Wigmore Hall in 2026 – a solo recital and a piano duo concert with his friend and label mate Mariam Batsashvili.

“It has been wonderful – twice in two months – but I’m not going to be there every month! John Gilhooly has invited me back again, but in 2029 – because they book so far ahead. There’s a great song history of the Wigmore Hall, which is fabulous, because you go into the backs and you see all the photos of pianists and singers!” He confesses to being more than a little unnerved by the pictures. “It’s terrifying! You’re warming up backstage in the room where there is a picture of Artur Rubinstein, and it is quite imposing because you are stepping onto hallowed ground. In the end, it comes down to thinking, “I love this music, and I know the audience are there to have a good time. People don’t buy tickets unless they want a good evening out, and you’ve just got to enjoy it and have fun with it, even in spite of the pressure from the previous greats who have trod the boards.”

Does he think he might venture onto record with Batsashvili, in the form of some two-piano repertoire? “Well, it would be lovely to do it”, he says. “It’s one of those ones where there can often be so much red tape about who you can record with. It really helps that we’re both with Warner Classics, and the lovely thing is that they came along to see us both at the Wigmore concert. I’m sure we would have a great time working together if the opportunity arose.”

Bartlett’s new album is a clever and sprightly walk through works that initially appear to have little in common, but which all enjoy a youthful disposition. That by Johann Sebastian Bach is the substantial Keyboard Concerto in D minor, BWV1052, and it is refreshing to hear this work back on the piano. “It’s one of those things”, says Bartlett, “that when you look back at the great composers they were all in favour of the progression of the instrument as well as the art form. Liszt himself was trying out all of these new instruments, and Bach was interested in cultivating the future form of the instrument. Whenever you record something that is a ‘period piece’, it’s always a choice of how historically informed you want to be, and how modern and individual you wish to make it. For me, playing on the piano is an amazing thing, because I have no doubt that Bach would have really loved the piano as well. I love the harpsichord too, and that’s the nice thing – I love all forms of today’s instrument. I love the clavichord, where you can do vibrato on each note because it holds the string. I love the organ works of Bach, too – it just so happens that I’m a pianist, so that’s the instrument I use!”

The versatility of Bach is a key helping factor, too. “You could play Bach on a hollowed-out carrot, and it would still move you! That music transcends everything, and when the intention is so strong, you can do what you like with it. There are so many recordings of people singing the First Cello Suite, and there’s the wonderful singer Angélique Kidjo, who has worked with Alexandre Tharaud – they do Bach together, and it works so brilliantly.”

The youthful thread through the album is enhanced by Mozart’s Piano Concerto no.9, the young composer’s first notable piano concerto success – and a daring piece of music for its time. Bartlett agrees. “It’s the piece that helped Beethoven’s Fourth Piano Concerto come along, and that idea of there not being a huge opening ‘tutti’. The piano interrupts almost precociously, which would not be surprising given that it’s Mozart. I loved when I was thinking about the album how these pieces pushed classical music forward. Bach’s piece is one of the first keyboard concertos, and it takes so much from the past. It’s quite evidently inspired by Vivaldi – however it’s also pushing forward. That’s exactly the same with the Mozart, which really is such a beautifully conceived work.”

He goes into more detail. “I read some theories about the last movement, and the confusion around the name Jeunehomme. It was apparently misunderstood from Jenamy, the surname of the pianist Victoire Jenamy, and because Mozart had the most ghastly French accent, it had been noted down incorrectly! Her father was a choreographer, and ground breaking in the dance world. I surmise that’s why Mozart puts that minuet in the last movement, because it is ‘Presto’, and it’s moving quickly, and then suddenly there’s that breath of fresh air which is this little Minuet. I have no doubt it was written for her, or as side note to gain some favour with her father, who would have appreciated it. There is so much of a story in this music.”

The last movement, in fact, is almost a concerto in itself. “It has all those interlocking cadenza passages that get you back to that main theme that’s possibly bustling with energy. You have so many choices of what you can do there, and I just love that sort of creativity. It’s spontaneous music, written down!”

Was it helpful working with the experience of conductor Howard Griffiths? “I met Howard a couple of years back, and before we came up with this project, I was lucky enough to work with him in the Tonhalle in Zurich, and we did a beautiful concert where we played this concerto. It’s one of those relationships that you don’t come across very often, with artistic connection that is so easy. There are no laborious discussions about how to do something because you come to music from a similar perspective, and way of feeling it. That’s what I felt when I first worked with Howard.”

The rapport extends well beyond Mozart. “With the Bach concerto, how many different speeds is it possible to use to play the first movement well? You’ve got Glenn Gould on one hand, the slowest side, and then you have these harpsichord recordings, which are far more nippy and sprightly. Howard asked me to play the first beat, and he said “Brilliant, I was just hoping we would be able to move through it. For me the speed of these pieces dependent on the harmonic progression, and how quickly the harmonies change indicates the feel you want from it. Howard and I were on the same page, thank goodness!”

The pair were clearly having fun with Britten’s impetuous Young Apollo, too. “It’s interesting,” says Martin, “to choose a piano for an album like this. There are very different characteristics you might require for all three pieces, but this piano was just a dream. We got it from Bösendorfer, and I went to try it in Vienna. This one stood out to me, as it’s got such a beautiful tone – individual and characterful. I got a very nice message from Benjamin Grosvenor the other day, who had listened to the Bach, and he noted it was a Bösendorfer. It goes to show it has such an individual sound, that worked perfectly for this! What surprised me was I tried the beautiful bits of the Mozart and some of the sprightly bits of the Bach, and I thought, “Will it have the monumental sheer power to illuminate the sun god, Apollo? And my goodness, it did! When I crashed down on the bottom ‘A’ I thought it had was something of a ‘beautiful beast’, with the beauty and the power to work the Britten.”

His enthusiasm is contagious. “It has a capacity to do that “pearls on a string”, Rembrandt-esque thing, where you can see every facet of everything. At any speed, this piano provides the most gloriously rich sound in every note.” This works especially in the Mozart, with the dance being played out – to which the orchestra respond. “The perspective with Howard was that this was chamber music. Gone are the days where you have Mozart concertos that have a huge orchestral introduction but it is mismatched with the piano. We wanted it to feel like a piece of spontaneous chamber music where everybody is active in the production, and listening.”

The start of the Britten is indicative of this, with its bright colours. “It’s one of those works where I understand it musically very well, but I don’t understand the mystery behind it. It’s shrouded in mystery a bit for me, the love affair he had with this young German boy, and then Peter Pears. I only read recently that the man to whom it is dedicated, Wulff Scherchen, was discovered to be alive until very recently, and had been married 70 years – but still had all this incredible correspondence between him and Britten.”

The album’s tracklisting acknowledges the old form classical album, with full works and a linked programme, but also the new, where music streaming is key, and record labels look to release singles ahead of album release. “Again, it helps to have the versatility of Bach – that first movement especially. Playlisting is a double-edged sword – it’s wonderful, as it puts our music out there to so many more people. As an artist, though, I want my music to be on the ‘Wake Up’ playlist rather than the ‘Go To Bed’ one! I would rather my music thrill someone rather than put them into a lengthy snooze! However, when I think about the Bach first movement, it is perfect study music, because it is relentless in the way the harmony evolves. We came to this album from a slightly old-fashioned point of view, making it because it has incredible music – which hopefully means it will be on some playlists, which the first movement of the Bach already is, happily!”

The album was enjoyable to make, too. “The recording process for me was incredibly special, because I’ve never recorded anything in a different country to England. All of my albums so far have been recorded in London, but recording in Salzburg, where Mozart spent his youthful career working, was very special. To be able to get up every day, staying in the centre of Salzburg in those beautiful, crooked streets with cobblestones, get out of bed and know you’re going to record Mozart, walking down the streets that he would have walked himself, and in the snow too – it was so Romantic! If not a little hazardous and evocative.”

Bartlett immersed himself in the city. “I went into these wonderful restaurants, where they serve specialities like boiled dumplings. You feel close to being his friend, with a couple of hundred years in between! Then at the other end, the only place that was open late at night was a kebab shop across a river, across an icy bridge, about a 40-minute walk from my hotel. That brought me back to reality sharply!”

He is enjoying travelling after a concentrated period of work in England, with another visit to Bösendorfer in Vienna where the album was launched, “nestled into the Musikverein”. Thinking back to the Young Musician competition, was this what he hoped might happen as a result? “Every time something new comes up, it somewhat surprises me, as mentally I feel like I’m still the same person as when I was doing Young Musician! I feel incredibly grateful, especially with Warner Classics, who have allowed me to record whatever repertoire I want, and have really been on board when I’ve come with themes of Love and Death, you know? I’ve had such a wonderful opportunity, working with the London Philharmonic Orchestra for my Rhapsody, with their symphonic excellence, and now, with the Salzburg Mozarteum Orchestra, the most incredible chamber experience. To have that contrast has been wonderful, and it’s what I love about music. My albums are widely different to each other, as I’m a glutton for this amazing music! As Rachmaninov said, “Music is enough for a lifetime, but a lifetime isn’t enough for music!” That’s how I feel, especially being a pianist!”

You can listen to clips from Martin James Bartlett’s new album, and purchase the recording, at the Presto Music website. You can read more about Martin at his website

Published post no.2,852 – Thursday 9 April 2026

Talking Heads: Anastasia Prokofieva and Sergey Rybin

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Interviewed by Ben Hogwood

One of the most intriguing classical albums to be released in 2026 so far is an album of songs by Sergey Rachmaninoff. Nothing particularly unusual in that, you might think, but on this occasion he shares top billing with his teacher at the Moscow Conservatory, Anton Arensky. A composer often overlooked, Arensky played a critical part in Russian musical history, forming a tangible link between the Romantic composers Glinka and Tchaikovsky, the ‘Mighty Handful’ Russian group of composers Balakirev, Cui, Mussorgsky, Rimsky-Korsakov and Borodin, and the 20th century giants, of whom Rachmaninoff is certainly one.

The artists on this album for Somm Recordings, soprano Anastasia Prokofieva and pianist Sergey Rybin, have joined Arcana on a call to discuss their album, and in particular the central character Arensky. People who know the composer are likely to have heard his Piano Trio no.1, one of his finest chamber music works, but the songs are not familiar at all. “The songs are lovely, but they are absolutely unique and rare – even in Russia”, says Anastasia (below). “It came to our attention that this music should be elevated and performed. The idea came that when you hear and sing this music it is something very fresh and very new. It should be more present for people, otherwise it will vanish.” “I knew some Arensky before”, says Rybin, “particularly the songs, through being curious about the facets of Russian music and not just Tchaikovsky or Rachmaninoff, though we did want to do some Rachmaninoff to begin with. Then this idea came to us that there is a connection between the two composers, because one is a pupil and one is a teacher. The idea grew from there, and we thought this slant, this side view would be an interesting way to put it across. So what is the chicken, and what is the egg?! Suddenly you realise that Rachmaninoff wasn’t born in a vacuum, and there are things so closely connected to his style, and you can literally hear how his style was influenced by Arensky, particularly in the piano writing. From my point of view can absolutely see and touch it.”

The selection process was next. “We looked through 57 romances, we surveyed it all and selected what we liked.” The album is linked logically, rewarding continuous listening as the spotlight shifts between the composers so that it proves difficult to tell where one begins and the other ends. “They are so similar, and yet there is a difference”, says Rybin. “It is like listening to Debussy and Ravel, you can feel it is of the same nature, but there is a notion which is just imperceptibly different. I personally enjoy that as an audiophile, feeling that slight personal intonation, particularly with Arensky, It’s hard to describe what it is. With Rachmaninoff you hear the Orient, you hear that sort of Russian romantic Orientalism in play. With Arensky it is something else, and it is hard to put your finger on it.”

Was Arensky writing his songs with a particular singer in mind? “I don’t think he was”, says Sergei. “Rachmaninoff did, and his Op.38 songs were written for Nina Koshetz, and he went on tour in 1916 playing those songs with her. Subsequently her descendants emigrated to America, and there were two more songs discovered in their archives, Prayer and Glory to God. Somebody held it in a private archive for decades and then suddenly they appeared.”

“There is a funny story about this particular singer, which my professor in Moscow told me, that Koshetz did not like high notes at the end of the song, so she threw the score at Rachmaninoff and told him to sing them!”, says Anastasia. “It is emotionally so strong if you get to that point with this pianissimo, and you need to be on a very good day with your technique and with your state of mind. Our collaboration helps me to sometimes hold on and do the words first, with the music. That’s why it’s fantastic to work, with such a musician and such a pianist as Sergey. So it’s not only me as a singer, getting to the point of high notes, I always try to see it through our ‘duet’ point of view, so it should be tender and fragile, not necessarily loud and big.”

“I would add that in general Russian music is so vocally based”, says Rybin (above), because it is first of all coming from folk tradition, which is mostly singing. And then, as I often say to students, Russian music did not know a Baroque period – almost nothing. It’s only Bortniansky and Berezovsky, at the turn of the 18th to 19th century, and they studied in Europe. The Russian national school arrived straight in to ‘bel canto’, and St. Petersburg used to run a full time Italian opera company. When went to the opera, that meant Italian opera, and so the Russian school of writing for the voice is profoundly based on that, the bel canto nature. That points to your question – yes, they did know what to ask for the voice, and they asked hard things, because they heard all the Verdi, and Wagner came to Russia.”

“This connection between Italian bel canto and Russian styles is amazing, and in addition we are so blessed to have these amazing musicians who were not only singers but pianists or violinists too”, says Anastasia. “I was a violinist, so this kind of intonation and presentation helps when you play the instrument first. That helped me a lot. “I would add”, says Rybin, “that in Rachmaninoff and Rimsky-Korsakov, the separation of the female voice into soprano and mezzo-soprano is very, very pronounced. With Rachmaninoff the soprano is very high and the mezzo very low. Arensky is more on Tchaikovsky’s side, writing very centrally for the soprano voice, with maybe one top note. Rachmaninoff creates more of a diversion with his range.”

“Speaking of Tchaikovsky”, says Anastacia, “I think he and Arensky were quite close friends, because he complemented Arensky’s opera Dream on the Volga a great deal, and wrote letters to the Bolshoi Theatre asking them to invest more money for the staging.” The opera is based on the Ostrovsky melodrama Voyevoda, which Tchaikovsky himself set and ultimately destroyed. “It was actually presented at the Bolshoi Theatre”, she says, “and had a good deal of success, and Tchaikovsky was greatly touched by the music and the style. So they were quite close in terms of musical language and understanding. It touched me a lot, because Tchaikovsky is such a fantastic composer, a base of the whole Russian music culture, and knowing that there is another composer who was close in the thinking or musical language is fantastic, how close their musical worlds were, and that we can come back and elevate one of those voices. My first operatic aria was by Arensky, and some of his arias are particularly famous in Russia, but the rest of the world doesn’t know him so well, and we are really happy to lift his profile.”

She is helped by Rybin, who she praises for his informative booklet notes and presentational style at concerts, giving audiences an insight into the music they perform. “He is a unique musician who has an ability to explain this music, a talent for presenting it. I’m in good hands!”

Together the pair have recorded albums devoted to the music of Hahn and Dargomyzhsky. “His music is absolutely brilliant”, says Anastacia of the early Russian Romantic, “he wrote in French and in Italian, and elevated that with some hidden gems, and the album game together beautifully. Reynaldo Hahn wrote some fantastic music, too.”

It may seem an obvious point, but listening to a composer’s song output is to hear a whole new element of their output, which makes this album all the more important for highlighting this area of Arensky’s output – and Rachmaninoff’s, too. “By volume, you realise the songs are a significant part of the output”, says Sergey, “for Rachmaninoff too, who wrote 86 songs. It is a big output, and we all think of this grandiose composer with big hands and a crushing sound, but when you go into the songs – the majority of them, apart from Spring Waters, maybe – you realise those two or three pages are absolutely perfect, with not a note out of place. They are really works of absolutely refined precision, perfect vocal miniatures, and there are some bars in those songs when you can count the notes on one hand! This minimal restraint and nuance, the light and shade, are in a perfect miniature form, which is a refreshing thought for me. Of course I hear the finale of the Piano Concerto no.3, but then you look into the songs, and you realise that’s not all Rachmaninoff is. He is a perfect vocal miniaturist.”

“That emotional exquisite moment”, says Anastasia, “has roots in Arensky, because some of his songs are so touching and so beautifully done. Someone from the audience said to me yesterday, it’s like the ‘Letter Scene’ from Eugene Onegin, but shorter, a mini letter scene in three pages. That was the connection between the teacher who was already showing Rachmaninoff that emotional presence is possible in a couple of minutes, showing what is going on but also how the person is feeling.”

The two talk as they perform, in rather fetching harmony. “Rachmaninoff studied harmony with Arensky”, points out Sergey, “and Arensky was the first ‘harmonist’, with no study books to use since conservatories had just been established in Russia. He was the author of the first study book of harmony in Russian, and I find this very important. Rachmaninoff was just below 20 when he studied harmony, and then of course we realised that harmony for Rachmaninoff is a particularly important tool and dimension. We hear that it is his, but I also hear those dextrous shifts in Arensky, he is really mobile on his feet in terms of harmony, writing adventurous modulations. There is a line there, where Rachmaninoff was influenced in this harmonic sense, which carried through his life.”

With Rachmaninoff’s continually strong emphasis on melody, are there any challenges that are particular to phrasing in the songs? “Absolutely”, says Anastasia. “The Op.38 songs are particularly concentrated, and you have to never sharpen your intonation. Sometimes it takes you years to perfect! It has always amazed me that the compose were so young to compose these songs, especially Arensky, who had a short life, colourful and interesting. He was very young to be a professor writing this book. We need to present these people not only as composers, with the beautiful music, but also as human beings. They were blessed with so many talents, and have given us these amazing scores, books and knowledge – how to feel, to be happy and sad, this emotional flourishing that we miss sometimes these days when watching Netflix and things! This deep knowledge needs to be brought to the new world and presented to young people.”

The pair have recent experience in this field. “In our concert yesterday we had children around eight years old listening, and they could understand the music because it’s so emotionally easy and clear – not easy as in simple, but it appeals to them and has resonance. It is poetic, and the heart and imagination immediately start working, which we all want. I’m happy to have been a bit closer to them and bringing this music to the new generation.”

With regards to vocal technique, she considers. “Because he was such a brilliant pianist, Rachmaninoff didn’t really have limits, so you somehow need to make it happen, to make it work, and it’s quite an achievement to do. It’s beautiful when it happens!” Does it help that both composers were pianists, being able to set scenes with such economy? “I’m really pleased that it is such brilliant music for Sergey to play, because sometimes the piano part is limited. Here it is like an orchestra, and I was so happy that we could both flourish, with some beautiful pieces both to sing and to play. Our audience yesterday reacted very well to this musical language, which is so colourful and rich. They are great pieces to present!”

You can listen to clips and explore purchase options for the new album of songs by Arensky and Rachmaninoff at the Somm Recordings website

Published post no.2,828 – Monday 16 March 2026

Talking Heads: Francesco Cilluffo

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by Ben Hogwood pictures (c) Ribaltaluce Studio (Francesco Cilluffo); Pádraig Grant (rehearsals)

Arcana has the pleasure of an audience with conductor Francesco Cilluffo, in his third year as Principal Guest Conductor at Wexford Festival Opera. Previous outings have led to encounters with Alfredo Catalani’s Edmea (2021) and Fromental Halévy’s La tempesta (2022), both Italian operas with Shakespearean connections. This year, however, the action shifts to the coast of Florida, for a production of Frederick Delius‘s rarely heard opera The Magic Fountain.

As we talk, it is clear Cilluffo is excited and deeply passionate about communicating this little-known work to a wider audience, from his own unique position. “I’m a very unusual Italian conductor!” he says. “Alongside the staple repertoire one expects from an Italian conductor, I’ve always had a great curiosity about less performed repertoire. My musical upbringing was a mixture, because I grew up in Italy, but lived and studied in London for many years, and worked a fair amount of time in English speaking countries. I remember the first time I was exposed to Delius was when I heard The Walk to the Paradise Garden, in a Barbirolli recording. I thought there something very soothing about the music, but at the same time I could feel there were more layers. It made me very interested to know more and I learned it was from his opera A Village Romeo & Juliet, and gradually about Delius.

As I said I have an unusual profile, and to prove that I can say that The Magic Fountain is already better known than the only Delius opera I have already performed, which is Margot la Rouge, which I did in Opera Holland Park as part of a double bill (with Puccini’s Le Villi) two years ago. That is completely unknown but is his fourth opera, so not an early attempt. It’s a weird piece, because it is in French, and there are no other versions in any other language because it was written for a competition, for the famous Verismo opera competition that was in Italy, and was won by Leoncavallo’s Cavalleria Rusticana. Delius forced himself to enter it, because if you think of Delius, you don’t necessarily think about life and blood, or drama. Because I’ve conducted it now I can say it is probably the least interesting of his operas, because apart from his craft in writing for the orchestra, it sounds like something he felt he had to do, and it was not successful. So I arrived at The Magic Fountain knowing a lot about Delius. In the years coming up to this performance, I have always felt a particular connection with the music. It is gorgeous music, very personal, and clearly the music of someone with a very interesting and difficult life. All of that gets into the notes!”

During a rehearsal for the Magic Fountain, Axelle Saint-Cirel sings the role of Watawa

The plot has strong autobiographical elements that Cilluffo recognises. “It’s not just an isolated case, because all the Delius operas deal with a similar situation”, he says. “You could say the same thing about Benjamin Britten’s operas. Delius has different worlds, backgrounds, countries and social backgrounds, different worlds that collide through love. We can read a lot of autobiographical meaning here, starting with the name of the main lead, Solano. We know that one of the many crazy things that Delius did was manage the orange plantation in Florida, called Solana Grove, and while there is no proof, we know when he was there he probably had a love child with one of the locals. There is also a letter from Delius planning an operatic trilogy about outcasts. In a way he did, because if you think of his three main operas, The Magic Fountain has the native Americans and the clashes between their culture and the conquistadors. Then his opera Koanga is a clash between slaves and the owner of a plantation, and in a way A Village Romeo & Juliet is about, again, innocence versus society, but again there is the strong character of the Traveller, who is central to the plot.”

Like Britten, the connection runs deep. “Delius probably felt some connection with the outcast, for the main reason that he was a man without a motherland. In my experience a lot of British people don’t really see Delius as a British composer. His DNA starts in North Europe, then most of his early life was in Bradford, but then he moved everywhere! Apparently he didn’t master British language as flawlessly as one would expect, because he was writing this weird German with a hint of Norwegian, because of his relationship with Grieg. I am aware of a bit of a Delius renaissance, because I’ve seen a lot of programming of his stuff. I’m very glad, because I think he stands in a category of his own.”

Meilir Jones

Cilluffo remembers fellow countryman, the critic Paolo Isotta, sharing this view. “He was a very old school music critic, who was very controversial in his taste, but I remember he kept saying he thought Delius was one of the most interesting orchestral composers of the 20th century. That’s quite a statement, and it clicked in my thinking – I thought there must be a grain of truth there. So I was very glad to spend a lot of time learning and studying his music.”

One of Delius’ strongest characteristics is an ability to create vivid pictures in the mind of his listener, which carries through to The Magic Fountain. Yet Cilluffo goes further. “I think so, but descriptive music is just the surface. There’s a veneer of that, but what really stands out is an incredibly physical and sexual drive in the music, a sensuality needs to be embraced in a very unapologetic way.”

L-R Theresa Tsang, stage manager with Dominick Chenes, Axelle Saint-Cirel and director Christopher Luscombe

He also considers how the quality of the performance is particularly important in Delius’s music. “I think Beethoven and Puccini can survive, but for some composers a bad performance can harm them. I don’t mean technical, of course, but I mean when the music is not done in a way that does it justice or bring through the many layers of the music. Some composers can be doomed by that, and I think that’s the case with Delius. As much as Sir Thomas Beecham was an incredible champion of his music, and was an amazing conductor, I still feel to this day he gave the idea that this is lovely countryside, beautiful English music. As gorgeous as that can be, people can say after five minutes, “I’m done with your beautiful English idyll, there’s nothing else. Only by starting with the Delius biography, and reading his letters, which I’ve done, and knowing about the culture of Paris and Northern Europe at the start of the 20th century, then you start to see more. You see that why this person connected much more with expressionist painters and writers than any other – because there’s an incredibly violent and sensual layer in the music there. You just need to bring it up!”

There are interpretative dangers for conductors taking on Delius’s music. “The way it’s written – and we know that Delius was a self-taught musician – can lend itself to misinterpretation. If we talk about historical performers, I think Sir John Barbirolli understood him better, despite the fact that Beecham was the great champion of his music. We also have to remember that Delius never heard most of his music in his lifetime. He never sat through a performance or even the read through of The Magic Fountain. I don’t say to suggest that he would have changed anything, but I think there is an element of frustration and anger inside, of knowing he was writing this amazing music, but nobody wanted to put it on. That somehow creeps into the writing, especially towards the end.”

His health – and sexual health – also played a part. “We know that his syphilis was such a constant in his life. His relationship with an illness that was inevitably linked with sexual freedom was against his very strict upbringing, with a Protestant father. If we put on one side his friendships with Munch and Gauguin, and writers like Strindberg, there is very little room left for beautiful, idyllic, ‘make you feel good’ music.”

For this production of The Magic Fountain, Cilluffo is drawing on previous creative relationships. “We are very much on the same level with the director, Christopher Luscombe, as we already worked together at Grange Opera on Tosca together. We have one recording of The Magic Fountain to refer to, which is already one more than we would normally have for Wexford style operas. As good a reference as that recording is, we feel we are going in completely the opposite direction. The recording sounds too beautiful, too even, and this is an opera with bursts of passion and conflict. There is also something very courageous about this opera, where someone who is so clearly middle class wanted to put on stage people who are victims of the very same system of which Delius is part. Maybe that’s also one of the reasons why people didn’t go out of their way to put on operas like Koanga or The Magic Fountain, because it was uncomfortable. With Koanga, we are talking about decades before Porgy and Bess could be considered as an opera to put on the stage. All this is part of what we have in mind in bringing this work back to life.”

When conducting Delius, what does Cilluffo consider to be the principal challenges? “There are two sides to this answer”, he says. “One is that as an opera composer, Delius always thought of the orchestra first. The orchestra is the colour that brings out the drama, contrary to a lot of opera where the drama is always from the voice, and enhanced by the orchestral palette. You also have to keep in mind that he never heard it, and – I’m going to use a very bad word here – he never ‘workshopped’ it. Nobody told him that if you want to have three horns blasting out when a soprano is singing in the middle register, you might want to consider lowering the dynamics here and there. But that’s the work we do, and where my background as a composer comes in very useful. The technical challenge is to adjust the work so that the orchestra doesn’t become the only character.”

Francesco Cilluffo, conductor

As to the other side, Cilluffo says, “The one composer that keeps coming up as a reference when we speak with Chris about the opera is Puccini, which you would imagine is as far as possible from this world. However he isn’t far, because Puccini is another one who suffered, especially in the past decades, as being labelled as just one thing, an Italian composer of desperate love. Puccini was a very troubled and dark soul and was in contact with the same world at the same time – Paris and Northern Europe, of the beginning of 20th century. You know, Delius used to go and attend autopsies in the morgue in Paris. Part of that goes into Margot La Rouge, which is set on the outskirts of Paris and is a fight between prostitutes and dealers. I’m bringing this up because that’s something we read about in the novels of Émile Zola, like Thérèse Raquin, and that’s the same world Puccini was fascinated by, as in one of the operas of Il Trittico – Il Tabarro. I think both composers, as different as they were, were triggered by the incredible war in Paris for artists at the beginning of 20th century.”

Coincidentally, Francesco’s diary for 2025 has been dominated by two composers – Puccini and Delius, heightening the levels of interest in linking them. “What really stood out – and finally made Puccini be considered a proper great composer – was the orchestra, and how the orchestra conveys, in a post-Wagnerian but personal way, what’s going on, the psychology, or what we’re really talking about. It’s always with the lesser known operas where it is easier to see, and I think a great underrated opera of Puccini in La Rondine. You could say it is a lighter version of La Traviata, but if you listen to the music, and the duet at the end of the opera, it’s about the end of a world of certainties, of the Austo-Hungarian Empire. It’s interesting because you read his letters, and Puccini writes, “I want La Rondine to be my Der Rosenkavalier”. That’s why I always insist with younger colleagues that you have to study what’s in between the notes as well studying the notes, because by reading these things, words open up to you about how to actually make it work apart from the technical side. Of course Delius was a very different experience, because Puccini was one of the most famous and richest composers of his time, while Delius had to sell his Gauguin painting towards the end of his life because he just couldn’t make money – and of course he was becoming blind as well.”

Axelle Saint-Cirel

Yet the similarity of what they experienced persists. “I feel they were both in touch with this incredible age, where we cannot even start to feel what it was like to be in the Paris at the beginning of 20 century, with all the contradictions, the violence, and their approach towards love, sexuality and wars – and, up to a certain point, the approach to different and far away cultures. Puccini treated it in a very normal way of his time, with Madama Butterfly and Turandot using different cultures as a background for a story that was totally Western European. In the case of Delius, he actually went to the places, and dealt with rather less comfortable situations. As part of my background research I have been reading a book by Claude Levi Strauss, the French anthropologist. One of his books, Tristes Tropiques, talks about his work in South America, and how that changed the perception of different culture and how we actually go from an anthropological point of view, at that time, to interpret things according to our own system of beliefs. He talks of how not to do that.”

Turning to Wexford, the 2025 incarnation of the festival looks set to be a colourful one. “I started going to Wexford in 2015”, recalls Cilluffo, “and my first experience was a Mascagni opera, Guglielmo Ratcliff. Funnily enough, one of the three operas that year was Koanga by Delius! It’s funny after ten years I’m now the one conducting the Delius, but that is one of many reasons why I keep coming back and I was very happy to be nominated principal conductor in 2022. It’s the one moment of the year where I know I’m going back to a place where music and studying matter. As a guest conductor I travel all over the world, and most of the time it is with operas that are well known. It is very much a traveller’s life, but sometimes you do feel you are just one wheel of a big machine. I always think that in Wexford, the real core of Wexford is an act of love, because you take some less fortunate operas, that for some reason have been forgotten. Some of them, when they were premiered, were huge success and were for a long time but then suddenly disappeared. I think Wexford reconnects you with the very reason you want to do this, which is to make a difference, to really live a month in a work of art that has been rarely heard, and to make a case for it. I cannot lie – not all the operas are going to be blockbusters – but I’m not sure that’s the point. It’s a great moment to reflect and to connect with this repertoire. I always look forward to this every year, it is a privilege to think I am going to spend a month with Delius, and with this work. I’m already fascinated, and I haven’t done the first rehearsal yet!”

The location is also a draw. “Wexford is a very Delius-like festival, the coming together of different countries and cultures in one space, and the nature there is so outstanding. Most of us go from one city to another, but suddenly here you are, with the Irish Sea in front of you, and you are far away from the closest big city, Dublin, which is two hours north. It is a very Delius-esque festival, and in fact this is the third Delius opera they have done in under 20 years – with A Village Romeo & Juliet, Koanga and now this. I do have to say personally, however, that I think Delius’ operatic masterpiece is Fennimore and Gerda. I hope one day to that, it’s a one-act opera so has to be part of a double. It deals with so much material of his life, art and life in Northern Europe, Scandinavia. It’s the closest he got, I think, to writing Pelléas et Mélisande.”

We may hear more of that in time, of course – but for now it is clear anyone attending The Magic Fountain will be treated to a fascinating work by a composer whose creative wealth and originality is finally being transmitted to the stage.

The Magic Fountain runs at the O’Reilly Theatre, National Opera House, Wexford, on 19, 23, 25 and 31 October. For more information and tickets, visit the Wexford Festival Opera website

Published post no.2,684 – Saturday 11 October 2025

Talking Heads: Doing It Their Way – Kenneth Woods, ESO Records and the Future

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interview by Richard Whitehouse Picture (c) Julie Andrews

You do not move forward by standing still. That is evidently the maxim of the English Symphony Orchestra, whose first release on its new in-house label has just been issued. Apropos of this and other matters, Arcana spoke recently to Kenneth Woods, the principal conductor and artistic director of the ESO, about his plans for this audacious undertaking.

It made sense to begin with the motivation behind the establishing of ESO Records. ‘‘It’s something I’ve wanted to do for a long time. Being able to release whatever we want, and whenever we want, to is hugely empowering for us as an orchestra. It gives us a chance to align our concert work with our online presence and recording programme more strategically’’.

As to whether these releases will be mainly studio or live recordings, ‘‘It’ll be a combination of both. I think that over the course of the next couple of years, listeners will start to discern a number of threads within the ESO Records portfolio. Our first release is an Elgar Festival disc with Elgar’s First Symphony and his concert overture In the South. This is a great way for us to spread the word about the festival internationally and also to share the exceptional quality of Elgar Festival events. And, with the festival doing so many new or lesser-known works, we can share that music with a world-wide audience.

‘‘As a result of the COVID pandemic, we’ve an enormous amount of material ‘in the can’ that we recorded for ESO Digital (our online video portal). ESO Records gives us a chance to share that body of work, also to highlight and complement our future concerts. For instance, we’ll be releasing our one-per-part version of Mahler’s Ninth Symphony to coincide with a run of performances in December. And there are studio projects such as the Sibelius cycle which have continued as we tie-in the recording of its future instalments to public concerts’’.

Woods is keen to point out that ESO Digital release will complement the orchestra’s ongoing schedule of releases for other labels. ‘‘Since we released the first disc of my tenure in 2015, we’ve worked with Nimbus, Lyrita, Signum, Avie, Toccata and Somm among others. While I hope that many of those partnerships will continue, the economic climate for labels is very difficult. They’ve a lot of fixed costs and declining revenue streams which means that, for a group like us, finding release slots and agreeing repertoire or projects has become more complicated. Something like the Sibelius cycle which, while it is very important to us as an orchestra, is not the kind of repertoire many labels do anymore.

‘‘One can also be hampered through labels having other versions of the same repertoire in the pipeline or in their back catalogue. That said, I’d contend the world does need recordings of pieces which emerge out of shared sympathy and enthusiasm for the music among players, conductor and production team. There’s always more to be said about the greatest music, and if we feel we’ve something meaningful to contribute, then we’re going to say it’’.

Given the varying economic and logistical factors, ESO Records might not always be issued both as CDs and Downloads. ‘‘This will vary according to the release. It makes to put the Elgar Festival Live stuff makes out on CD because they make a great souvenir for attendees. But with most projects today, physical sales are so small it isn’t worth the cost or complexity of maintaining an inventory and shipping it all over the world. Moreover, the argument used to be that CDs sounded better, but the quality now at 24-bit and 96-kHz sampling contains between three and ten times as much detail and information. We want our listeners to hear our work in the best possible quality, and these days that means streaming or hi-res downloads’’.

With this in mind, listeners can look forward to no mean diversity in terms of future issues. ‘‘I mentioned we were looking to create coherent and ongoing threads among our releases. Elgar Festival Live has several more releases ready and we’ll be recording our performances at this year’s and all future festivals. The orchestra’s long-term commitment to contemporary music will be a big part of our future work, and I expect this to feature many of the amazing composers that listeners have come to associate with ESO such as Philip Sawyers, Adrian Williams, Emily Doolittle, David Matthews and Steve Elcock. We’re also keen to draw on the ESO’s extensive archive of performances by composers such as Ireland, McCabe, Maw, Simpson and Arnold, along with performances conducted by the likes of Michael Tippett and Yehudi Menuhin, with a wider public.”

‘‘The Sibelius and Mahler projects are indicative of our desire to put our stamp on so-called standard repertoire or, as I prefer to call it, the greatest music ever written. One of the best things about streaming is that not every release needs to be a 70-minute album. Archival recordings might well come out as singles or EPs to align with composer anniversaries or birthdays, historic occasions and upcoming concerts – so there’ll be releases of Beethoven, Mozart, Brahms, Strauss, Bartók and Shostakovich. I’m also very proud of our track record of championing historically suppressed music, so listeners can expect further issues of Gál, Schulhoff, Kapralova, Krenek and Weinberg.”

‘‘Finally, ESO Records will give us greater freedom to develop collaborative projects with artistic partners including composers, soloists and directors. We’ve just recorded a fantastic disc of organ concertos by Poulenc, Hindemith and Daniel Pinkham with organist Iain Quinn for release next year, and I’m hopeful there’ll be many opportunities in the future to work collaboratively so as to bring worthwhile music to the public’s attention’’.

Much to look forward to, then, from a label whose artists have never shied away in pushing the envelope when it comes to imaginative programming and innovative presentation. Qualities, indeed, that will no doubt prove synonymous with whatever releases emerge from the ever-enterprising English Symphony Orchestra.

You can read Richard’s review of the first instalment in the English Symphony Orchestra’s Sibelius cycle on Arcana, with the Sixth and Seventh Symphonies and Tapiola

Published post no.2,623 – Monday 10 August 2025

Talking Heads – Helen Grime

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by Ben Hogwood

Helen Grime

In the classical music calendar, summer effectively begins with the start of the Aldeburgh Festival. This year’s model – the 76th running of the Suffolk festival – comes prefaced by a line from Shelley:

And, hark! Their sweet sad voices! ‘t is despair
Mingled with love and then dissolved in sound.

At the heart of this year’s festival are four featured artists – tenor Allan Clayton, violinist Leila Josefowicz and composers Daniel Kidane and Helen Grime. Scottish composer Grime, currently living in London, joined Arcana for a chat to talk about the range of her compositions in the festival this year, and the close link she enjoys with its audience and organisers.

Her first experiences of the festival date back to 2005, when she was on the Britten Pears Advanced Composition course. “I was studying on that and Colin Matthews was there, and I went back in 2006 to hear the performance of the piece I wrote while I was there. I also played in the chamber orchestra for the War Requiem on a course, and I played in Britten’s Nocturne as well, which was amazing. Those were the first experiences, and I also went to an opera writing course as a composer, which would probably have been 2006. Then in 2009 I wrote a piece called A Cold Spring, for chamber ensemble. It was a joint commission with Aldeburgh Music, the Birmingham Contemporary Music Group and the Sue Knussen Trust. The piece was in the same program as an Elliott Carter premiere (On Conversing With Paradise). He was there, and it was an amazing time.”

Carter is a composer Grime has always admired, and she had met him the previous year. “I was a fellow in the Tanglewood Music Center, and it was his 100th birthday year. They have a festival of contemporary music every year, and that year it was completely devoted to Elliot Carter’s music. As composers we had the opportunity to go to all the rehearsals and concerts, and it was a chance to immerse yourself in a composer’s work – lots of his chamber music but also the orchestral works. This was the time that I really dived into his music and were able to meet him and ask him questions. It was an incredible point in history to think back to really, and he had so many amazing things to say. He was able to go back in time and talk about his time studying in Paris with Nadia Boulanger, and moments in jazz bars, little things that maybe you haven’t read in a book. Hearing that directly from the composer is a fantastic experience!”

Helen lived in Edinburgh initially but moved to London for studying, and has stayed. Her music still carries parallels to her Scottish roots – and these are evident in Folk, premiered by soprano Claire Booth with the BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra under Ryan Wigglesworth in Glasgow. “Scotland still feels like home”, she says, “and I’m so fond of that orchestra. I’ve worked with them a fair bit over the years, and it was wonderful to be able to work with them on the premier of Folk, with Ryan Wigglesworth, and of course, Claire.”

The piece will receive a second performance at the Aldeburgh Festival, with the Knussen Chamber Orchestra conducted by Wigglesworth. “I’m excited now for Ryan to do it again with a different with a different group. The piece is rooted in lots of folklore traditions. Zoe Gilbert, who wrote the libretto, is particularly influenced by Manx folklore, but the stories are rooted in different storytelling traditions from different places. She based the libretto on the stories in her book, Folk, so when you read them, you feel the resonance with stories we already know and have known since childhood. She’s subverted lots of roles, but there’s definitely that kind of connection with Scotland and folklore, so I wanted to have that connection in the music as well.”

Arcana was fortunate to interview Claire Booth (above) just before the premiere of Folk, and Grime speaks warmly of her dedicatee. “She is a ball of energy! We’re very different in that way, but we get on very well. She is incredibly talented but also interested in many things. She found the book, and we both loved it, and so she approached Zoe. Obviously, I’ve known her work and singing for years. but we haven’t been working together until last year – although this project was brewing before Covid and then took a while to get it together. I don’t think it’s going to be the last time we work together, so I’m really excited about that. She’s an incredible talent but she brings such a personality to the piece, and she can just do anything. It’s very virtuosic, vocally. In Aldeburgh it will be with a small orchestra, so it will be interesting to hear that, in the Snape hall – but also with the surroundings, it’s made for that. When you’re there, and you’re amongst the reeds, it’s a magical place. You can see so far there, and whenever I’m there it always seems to be really clear skies. That time of dusk is particularly amazing.”

As a featured composer, Grime is presenting a varied body of work for the festival. “It is very satisfying. I’ve written a fair bit of music now, and I’m really happy with, for example, my Missa Brevis happening on the first Sunday. I’m really excited to hear that, as couldn’t go to the premiere in Edinburgh. To have these pieces happening in different locations around Aldeburgh is really special, with chamber music as well as bigger pieces. There is also another premiere, a piece I wrote during lockdown called Prayer which I wrote a while ago, which, again, I haven’t seen in a live performance. The Britten Pears Contemporary Ensemble are going to do that, a piece that I wrote during lockdown. It was recorded but not performed live, with the performers doing their bits separately, and Dame Sarah Connolly singing her bit. It’ll be great to be at an actual performance of that as well.”

Both of Grime’s string quartets will be performed in one recital, from the Heath and Fibonacci Quartets. They hold great personal significance for her. “It’s actually quite strange with the string quartets, because I wrote both of them partly while being pregnant. The first one was written in 2013, which was when I had my first son, so it’s weird that I then was writing another string quartet when I was pregnant with my second son! I was writing it at the beginning of lockdown, when we didn’t really know if things were going to be cancelled that summer. I was stressed out because I still had to meet the deadline, which was probably never going to actually happen – and it didn’t in the end, but I still needed to write the piece. For a lot of people that time they had lots of time to compose, but because everything was cancelled and you had a child who was then not at school, you suddenly didn’t have any time to work either, and there was no childcare of course. It was very intense, and I think the music is very intense, apart from the last movement, which is not intense in the same way and is much more of a release.”

Does it bring back vivid memories when she hears it? “Yeah, I can sort of remember how I felt, but it’s really difficult be in that moment. The Heath Quartet, who premiered and recorded that piece, I just love to hear them play, they made a brilliant recording of it and gave the most amazing premiere. So I can’t wait to hear them play it again, and to hear the other quartet with the Fibonacci Quartet, who I haven’t heard play before. It will be really exciting to hear the two pieces together and on the same program. They are sat between Beethoven and Britten, which I’m so happy about – hopefully they’ll somehow hold their own in amongst all of that! That concert is in Orford Church, so again a different venue which is so nice.”

It may seem an obvious question, but does Britten continue to be a constant presence at the festival? “Yes, and I think that’s the way it should be. I was in Aldeburgh last year, and Claire was there too, because she was coaching the young artists course. I paid my respects to Britten and Pears, at their graves. That line of history is so moving for me, and it’s something I hold close. I love Britten’s music, and it’s always going to be important to me, and that kind of continuation and line of British music is a beautiful thing. Having the opportunity to be a featured composer and to be surrounded by that is it’s a huge privilege.”

The featured artists and composers are chosen with typical care, placing Grime alongside violinist Leila Josefowicz (above), soloist in the composer’s Violin Concerto with the BBC Symphony Orchestra. “I’ve waited a long, long time for the UK premiere of concerto”, she says. “I wrote it for Malin Broman, an amazing Swedish violinist who used to be based in London and who premiered it in 2016, and then Leila took the piece on. She was supposed to be doing the UK premiere in 2020, but she’s played it a lot – in Amsterdam and in Finland. This does feel like the perfect moment, though, because Leila has that real connection with with Oliver Knussen. It’s kind of perfect that the premiere is happening in Aldeburgh. She’s an incredible artist, so the fact that we’re both featured artists is brilliant. I’m really, really excited about hearing Allan Clayton singing, and also Daniel Kidane’s pieces. We have quite a few shared concerts.”

Mention of Knussen leads us to talk about another highly influential composer, a clear influence on Grime both personally and professionally. “I have loved his music since the first time I heard it”, she says. “The first piece I heard was Ophelia Dances. My teacher at the time was Julian Anderson, and he introduced me to his music at the Royal College of Music. Every note is the right note, it’s just so beautifully crafted and exciting and powerful and enchanted.”

I was meant to meet him at the Britten Pears composer’s course, but when I was a fellow in Tanglewood he was out conducting, and he gave some masterclasses. He heard my music, and we got on well. Shortly after that, he conducted a short orchestral peace of mine called Virga, which I wrote as part of the London Symphony Orchestra scheme Sound Adventures, which is now known as the Panufnik Legacies. He was a real supporter of my music. I wrote Night Songs, which is also being done at Aldeburgh, for his 60th birthday celebrations in 2012. I really hold that dear, and I still listen to his music most weeks and days. A brilliant musician, composer, and supporter – and I think many musicians and composers feel the same way. My path would not have been the same at all without meeting Ollie.”

Looking ahead a little, Grime has an album of chamber works due for release on the Delphian label in August, a fascinating collection of works performed by The Hebrides Ensemble. “It’s coincidental to Aldeburgh, but great. The Hebrides Ensemble are one of those amazing groups who’ve been so supportive of me over the years, and they’ve given different performances. To have this portrait CD is fantastic, with a string sextet Into the Faded Air from 2007 right through to Braid Hills, a horn duo I wrote for St Mary’s Music School to celebrate their anniversary in 2022. I can’t wait for it to come out.”

Grime also acknowledges the passion and commitment of Delphian to composer albums such as this. “It’s really difficult to get these projects off the ground today, and very expensive, obviously. The commitment to new music in Delphian is absolutely brilliant, there was a wonderful CD the Hebrides Ensemble did a few years ago on Stuart MacRae, and there was a great collection of Judith Weir.”

With these projects coming to fruition, it is great to report Grime’s composition continues apace. “I’m coming to the end of my teaching turn at the moment, which means we get a bit of time for some holidays to compose. I’m writing a horn concerto at the moment, for Alec Frank-Gemmill and the Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra, so I’m completely immersed in all things horn at the moment! It’s a big piece, a big project, but I like that. I like to get my teeth into something. There are lots of various things on the horizon, too, but that’s the main thing. I’m more of a one piece at a time kind of person. Directly before this, I wrote a song cycle, Bright Travellers, which was premiered at the Leeds Lieder Festival earlier this year by Louise Alder and Joseph Middleton. I’ve been working with a lot of texts, and it’s been great in the last couple of years to work with living writers, that’s quite a new direction for me which is exciting!”

For more information on Helen Grime’s music at the Aldeburgh Festival, head to the Britten Pears Arts website